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Wang water is an exceptionally potent oxidizer, capable of dissolving metallic gold. This ability stems from its composition, which includes concentrated nitric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid. These components furnish ample oxidizing potential and chloride ions, facilitating the oxidation of gold and the formation of soluble gold ions.
The dissolution of gold in Wang water is primarily influenced by several factors, including temperature, concentration, and duration:
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Temperature: Elevated temperatures expedite the dissolution process. Typically, heating Wang water enhances the rate of gold dissolution.
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Concentration: Greater concentrations of Wang water provide increased oxidizing power and chloride ions, thereby facilitating gold dissolution. Generally, employing more concentrated Wang water accelerates the dissolution process.
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Duration: Prolonged reaction times also contribute to gold dissolution in Wang water. Particularly for refractory gold samples, an extended reaction duration may be necessary to achieve complete dissolution.
However, handling Wang water requires caution due to its highly corrosive and hazardous nature. It must be managed under appropriate safety protocols in laboratory settings.
