Simple gold extraction - gold extraction with aqua regia:
1. Aqua regia preparation cost: hydrochloric acid + nitric acid
Nitric acid (HNO₃): about 0.4 grams (need to consider the actual reaction efficiency,
usually an excess).
Hydrochloric acid (HCl): about 1.6 grams (mixed with nitric acid at a volume ratio of 3:1)
Gold dissolves at a rate of about 1.5 grams per 1.5 ml of aqua regia per hour at room temperature.
2. Reducing agent: sodium sulfite (Na₂SO₃)
This method is flexible and adaptable, but requires strict control of the reagent ratio (excessive
nitric acid affects the dissolution efficiency) and reaction conditions (temperature, time); its cost is
significantly affected by the gold content of the raw materials, and the reagent consumption may
increase by dozens of times when processing low-grade raw materials, and the environmental risks
are prominent - the waste liquid contains strong acids, heavy metals and toxic gases (such as NOx),
which require professional neutralization, precipitation and recycling. It is recommended to give
priority to large-scale production or combine more environmentally friendly processes such as
cyanidation and electrolysis to balance efficiency and sustainability.vido
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