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Principle and equipment of aqua regia
Aqua regia has long been used to separate gold from other metals. It involves the use of aqua regia, the Latin word for “royal water”. In fact, aqua regia is a chemical solution that will smoke and is corrosive. Its color is yellow or red. You can prepare fresh aqua regia by mixing concentrated hydrochloric acid with concentrated nitric acid.
Aqua regia is named for its ability to dissolve some precious metals, such as gold and platinum. The following figure explains the refining process of aqua regia gold:
Since gold naturally exists in the form of alloy – mixed with other metals – using aqua regia and other processes will be a good way to obtain the purest form of gold. The physical steps involved in this process are highlighted as follows:
1. The alloy composed of gold and other metals is introduced/sent to the aqua regia system after granulation and heating in aqua regia solution.
2、 Treat the solution of gold+other metals with reducing agent (sodium pyrosulfite) and filter it.
3、 You will get pure gold powder separated from other metal solutions.
4、 Clean, dry and granulate the gold powder.
5. The final result will be your pure gold grain.
Since the purpose of the above process is to separate pure gold from other metals, the same process can be used to obtain other precious metals, such as silver and palladium.
The following is a list of equipment required for successful aqua regia gold refining process:
Granulator
