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Platinum, palladium and rhodium are precious metals that are usually found in the form of ores, and to extract these metals from the ores requires several steps of fine processing. The following are the general refining and refining steps.
Refining platinum, palladium and rhodium
Platinum, palladium and rhodium are usually found in platinum group element ores, such as natural platinum-rich platinum ores, magnetite, spinel, etc. The refining process usually consists of the following steps.
1) First, the platinum group elements in the ore are chemically converted to their ionic form in aqueous solution, such as tetrachloride ions for platinum and dichloride ions for palladium.
2) The platinum group element ions are then reduced to metal atoms using a reducing agent, usually hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide, and the metal atoms are precipitated out.
3) Finally, the extracted platinum group element metals are purified through several steps of precipitation, filtration and recrystallization.
Refining platinum, palladium and rhodium
The extracted platinum, palladium and rhodium contain more impurities and need to be further refined to obtain higher purity and better physical and chemical properties. The commonly used refining methods include the following.
1）Fire refining: The mixture of platinum, palladium and rhodium is added into the high temperature molten glass, and the impurities are oxidized to gas or solid under the action of oxygen, so as to improve the purity of platinum, palladium and rhodium.
2）Solvent extraction method: The solution containing platinum, palladium and rhodium is mixed with another liquid phase by chemical reagent, and the platinum, palladium and rhodium are separated from the solution by the force of liquid-liquid interaction.
(3) Electrolysis method: The electrolyte solution containing platinum, palladium and rhodium is put into the cathode and anode respectively, and the platinum, palladium and rhodium ions are reduced to metal deposited on the electrode under the action of electric field.
The above are the general steps of refining and refining platinum, palladium and rhodium, the specific operation process still needs to be adjusted and optimized according to different ore types, content and purity requirements.
