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Wet refining is a method commonly used for the extraction and purification of precious metals, which involves multiple steps and associated equipment. The following is a common process for wet refining precious metals:
Raw material preparation: First, raw materials containing precious metals need to be prepared, such as waste electronic equipment, scrap or gold-bearing ores.
Crushing and grinding: Raw materials are often crushed and ground to better release precious metal particles and improve reaction efficiency in subsequent steps.
Acid leaching: Contacting finely ground material with an acidic solution such as hydrochloric, nitric or sulfuric acid to dissolve the precious metals in solution. This process usually occurs under acidic conditions, where the concentration and temperature of the acid can be optimized for the specific precious metal and feedstock.
Filtrate separation: through the filtrate separation step, the acid solution containing precious metals is separated from the solid residue. The filtrate contains dissolved precious metal ions, while the solid residue contains other impurities and undissolved material.
Reduction: Reduction of noble metal ions to their metallic form. This step typically involves the use of chemical reagents or electrolysis to reduce the noble metal ions and deposit them on electrodes or other collection media.
Refining and Purification: For reduced precious metals, further refining and purification steps may be required to remove other impurities and increase the purity of the precious metal. This can be achieved chemically, electrolytically or by other physical separation techniques.
During wet refining, the following equipment may be used:
Acid leaching tank: It is used to contact raw materials with acidic solution to realize the dissolution of precious metals.
Filtration equipment: such as filters or centrifuges, used to separate solutions containing precious metals from solid residues.
Reduction Equipment: Can be an electrolyzer, electrolytic cell, or other reduction device used to reduce noble metal ions to their metallic form.
Refining equipment: may include chemical reaction tanks, centrifuges, solvent extraction units, etc., for further refining
Improves the purity and purification of precious metals.
Distillation equipment: used to separate and purify volatile substances or solvents in solutions.
Electrolyzer: Used to reduce noble metal ions to metal through the process of electrolysis and collect pure noble metal on the electrodes.
Extraction equipment: such as extraction towers or solvent extraction devices, used to selectively extract noble metal ions through solvents to separate and purify noble metals.
Filters and Centrifuges: Used to separate solid particles and impurities to obtain pure precious metal solutions.
This is a general description only, and actual wet refining methods and equipment may vary depending on the type of precious metal, nature of the feedstock, and degree of purification required.
